A mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together

A chemical bond resulting from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions. Formed when one atom transfers electrons to another

A chemical bond formed when atoms share one or more pairs of electrons

A chemical bond formed by the attraction between metal atoms and the surrounding sea of delocalized electrons

An atom or group of atoms that has a net positive or negative charge

A positively charged ion

A negatively charged ion

The force of attraction between oppositely charged particles

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that participate in chemical bonding

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to have eight electrons in their valence shell (except for hydrogen and helium, which aim for two)

A measure of the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond

A covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally, resulting in a partial positive and partial negative charge on the atoms

A covalent bond where electrons are shared equally between atoms

The average distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms

The energy required to break a chemical bond

A diagram that shows the valence electrons of atoms and how they are involved in bonding

A covalent bond where both electrons in the shared pair come from the same atom

A special type of dipole-dipole attraction between molecules containing a hydrogen atom bonded to a highly electronegative atom (like oxygen, nitrogen, or fluorine)

Attractive forces between polar molecules

Weak attractive forces between all molecules, caused by temporary fluctuations in electron distribution

Forces of attraction between molecules. Weaker than intramolecular forces (chemical bonds)

Forces of attraction within a molecule (chemical bonds)

High melting point, brittle, often soluble in water, conduct electricity when molten or dissolved

Lower melting points than ionic compounds, often insoluble in water, generally poor conductors of electricity

High melting points (generally), malleable, ductile, good conductors of heat and electricity